Comprehensive Seismic Prediction Technologies for Ultra-Deep Thin Reservoirs in the Tarim Basin: Implications for Biotechnological Resource Exploration and Commercialization

Abstract

Accurate subsurface exploration is essential for supporting biotechnological applications in energy resource development, where precise mapping of ultra-deep reservoirs plays a critical role in advancing sustainable industrial processes. The Bashijiqike Formation in the Xinhe Region of the Tarim Basin features ultra-deep clastic rock reservoirs with burial depths exceeding 5,000 meters. These reservoirs are characterized by strong heterogeneity, thin reservoir layers, and complex geological structures, posing significant challenges for traditional seismic prediction techniques. The limited accuracy of conventional methods has made thin reservoir prediction a persistent bottleneck, hindering efficient exploration and development. This study introduces a comprehensive seismic prediction methodology tailored to overcome these challenges. By employing forward modeling, the seismic response characteristics of ultra-deep thin reservoirs were analyzed under varying resolution models. A frequency-broadening technique, based on spectral inversion, was applied to enhance seismic resolution, enabling the identification of thin reservoirs with thicknesses of less than 10 meters. Additionally, joint impedance and facies inversion techniques were used to accurately map the distribution characteristics of these reservoirs. The proposed approach achieved a coincidence rate exceeding 86% between predicted and actual drilling results, demonstrating the high accuracy and reliability of the forward modeling–frequency broadening–phased joint inversion framework. These findings provide valuable insights for the efficient exploration of ultra-deep reservoirs, offering strategic advantages for the commercialization of biotechnological solutions in energy resource management. The study serves as a reference for developing exploration techniques in regions with similar geological characteristics, supporting sustainable practices within the commercial biotechnology sector.